Application status and Prospect of cast aluminum alloy

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2022-07-15

Cast aluminum alloy refers to an aluminum alloy that can be directly obtained by a metal casting process. The alloying element content of the alloy is generally higher than that of the corresponding wrought aluminum alloy.
Cast aluminum alloy has good casting properties and can be made into complex shapes; No additional large amount of equipment is required; It has the advantages of saving metal, reducing cost, reducing working hours, etc., and is widely used in the aviation industry and civil industry. It is used for manufacturing crossbeams, gas turbine blades, pump bodies, pylons, hubs, air inlets and engine housings. It is also used to manufacture automobile cylinder heads, gearboxes and pistons, instrument housings and turbocharger pump bodies.
As one of the largest producers and consumers of nonferrous metal castings in the world, nonferrous metal castings have become an important emerging industry supporting the development of national economy. Among them, the aluminum alloy parts industry is the pillar of the non-ferrous metal casting industry. At the same time, as the world's largest producer of alumina and electrolytic aluminum, China has abundant labor resources and a huge consumer market, which has laid a good foundation for the development of China's aluminum alloy parts industry. Since 2009, China's output of aluminum alloy parts has accounted for more than 30% of the global output, reaching 40% in 2017. China has become the center of the international aluminum alloy casting industry.
The market concentration of China's die casting manufacturing industry is low. Most enterprises have small production capacity. In the whole industry, there are relatively few enterprises with scale advantages. Only a few enterprises have new product development, new material use, mold design and manufacturing, and precision. It is difficult to realize the overall manufacturing capacity of multiple production links such as die casting manufacturing and CNC finishing. Therefore, it is difficult for the industry to obtain the synergy effect of the industrial chain in production and R & D, which is not conducive to improving the overall competitiveness of the industry.
From the perspective of international aluminum industry competition, China, the United States and Japan have strong competitiveness. In terms of production distribution, about 60% of the global aluminum profiles are concentrated in China, the United States and Japan. Unlike the stable production of the United States and Japan, China's output growth has been maintained at a high level, accounting for more than one-third of the world's total output for many years.
At present, the aluminum processing industry, represented by developed countries such as the United States, Japan and Germany, has basically completed the integration process of survival of the fittest, merger and reorganization at the end of the 20th century, established multinational group companies, and carried out global production and operation. Among them, Zui is usually Alcoa, which covers almost all kinds of aluminum processing materials. It has branches in all major regions of the world, with an annual aluminum processing capacity of nearly 2 million tons. For the aluminum processing enterprises in Japan and Germany, the representatives guided the world's aluminum processing to develop in the direction of high precision, and the production of beverage cans and high-end PS plate substrates was at the world's leading level.
Aluminum for transportation is currently the second largest demand area for aluminum. Except for 2009, the growth rate of aluminum for transportation has always remained above 10%, which is one of the fastest growing regions in the downstream aluminum industry.
Automotive aluminum can be divided into four parts: passenger cars, commercial vehicles and exported auto parts, of which passenger cars account for 60%, which is the main factor affecting automotive aluminum. Rail transit includes two types of high-speed rail and subway. In urban rail transit, 6 to 12 vehicles are required per kilometer. The weight of each aluminum alloy vehicle is about 6-7t, and the aluminum alloy material for interior decoration is about 750KG / vehicle.
From the perspective of subway, during the 13th Five Year Plan period, the high-speed railway will reach 30000 kilometers. In the next five years, the new high-speed railway will reach 11000 kilometers and maintain a compound growth rate of 10% during the "13th five year plan". From the perspective of metro, the current rail transit has reached more than 3300 kilometers, and it is expected to reach 6000 kilometers during the 13th Five Year Plan period, that is, it will maintain a compound growth of 12.7% during this period. During the 13th Five Year Plan period. At present, more than 80% of urban rail vehicles use aluminum. Alloy body. In addition to high-speed rail and subway, the demand for aluminum

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